ch5-Semaphore

2019-10-30

SystemVerilog Semaphore

​ Semaphore is just like a bucket with a fixed number of keys. Processes that use a semaphore must first get a key from the bucket before they can continue to exectute. Other proceses must wait until keys are available in the bucket for them to use. In a sense, they are best used for mutual exclusion, access control to shared resources and basic synchronization.

Syntax

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semaphore   [identifier_name];

Note that semaphore is a built-in class and hence it should be used just like any other class object. It has a few methods with which we can allocate the number of keys for that semaphore object, get and put keys into the bucket.

Methods

Name Description
function new (int keyCount = 0); Specifies number of keys initially allocated to the semaphore bucket
function void put (int keyCount = 1); Specifies the number of keys being returned to the semaphore
task get (int keyCount = 1); Specifies the number of keys to obtain from the semaphore
function int try_get (int keyCount = 1); Specifies the required number of keys to obtain from the semaphore

Example

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module tb_top;
   semaphore key;
 
   initial begin 
      key = new (1);
      fork
         personA ();
         personB ();
         #25 personA ();
      join_none
   end
 
   task getRoom (bit [1:0] id);
      $display ("[%0t] Trying to get a room for id[%0d] ...", $time, id);
      key.get (1);
      $display ("[%0t] Room Key retrieved for id[%0d]", $time, id);
   endtask
 
   task putRoom (bit [1:0] id);
      $display ("[%0t] Leaving room id[%0d] ...", $time, id);
      key.put (1);
      $display ("[%0t] Room Key put back id[%0d]", $time, id);
   endtask
 
   task personA ();
      getRoom (1);
      #20 putRoom (1);
   endtask
 
   task personB ();
      #5  getRoom (2);
      #10 putRoom (2);
   endtask
endmodule

Simulation Log

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[0] Trying to get a room for id[1] ...
[0] Room Key retrieved for id[1]
[5] Trying to get a room for id[2] ...
[20] Leaving room id[1] ...
[20] Room Key put back id[1]
[20] Room Key retrieved for id[2]
[25] Trying to get a room for id[1] ...
[30] Leaving room id[2] ...
[30] Room Key put back id[2]
[30] Room Key retrieved for id[1]
[50] Leaving room id[1] ...
[50] Room Key put back id[1]
Verification System Verilog
SV ChipVerif_Web

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